Genotype apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) associated with cognitive decline
The Zutphen Elderly Study showed that the risk of cognitive decline over three years was 3 times greater among the carriers of an isoform (certain variety of the genotype apolipoprotein E) called APOE4, compared to that of non-carriers.
Synergistic effect of genotype APOE4 and stroke on cognitive decline
Carriers of APOE4 without stroke had a 3 times greater risk of cognitive decline; non-carriers with stroke had a 5 times greater decline and those with both risk factors had a 17 times greater risk of decline.
Genotypes explained
Cognitive decline is a potential risk factor for reduced cognitive functioning. The genetic heterogeneity of apolipoprotein E may be involved in the etiology of familial Alzheimer’s disease. The apolipoprotein E polymorphism affects serum lipoprotein levels and the APOE4 isoform is increased in Alzheimer’s disease.